ACTUAL
SIZE: The finished (dressed) size as opposed to
the nominal size of a piece of wood.
BARGE BOARD: Exterior visible flat trim board
that follows the rake of the roof.
BATTENS: Narrow board used to cover cladding
joins or used for decorative purposes.
BEAM: A supporting member.
BIRD'S MOUTH: The notch in a rafter that
rests on the top plate of a wall.
BOARD: A piece of sawn, or dressed timber of
greater width than thickness. Usually 19 (3/4") to
38 (1 1/2") thick and 75 (3") or more wide.
BOTTOM PLATE: Wall plate, sole plate;
The bottom horizontal framing member of the wall.
BRACE: To make rigid.
BUILDING LINE: The outline of a building.
CENTERS: Crs; O.C; Term used for spacing;
The measurement of spacing for studs, rafters, and
joists in a building from the center of one member
to the center of the next.
CLADDING UNDERLAY: A building paper that
envelops the exterior walls or roof frame prior to
the cladding being fixed. Reduces air movement and
helps avoid the risk of water ingress.
CLADDING: The exterior surface of a building.
CLEAT: A short horizontal member that ties
opposing rafters together immediately below the
ridge board.
CRIPPLE STUD: Short studs placed between the
header / lintel and a top plate or between a sill
and bottom plate.
CRS: See CENTERS.
DIMENSIONS: Any of the three linear
measurements, length, breadth and depth.
DRESSED: Relating to timber; Planed;
Smooth; even surface; gauged.
DWANG: Nogging; A short piece of
timber set between two studs, joists, rafters or
purlins to keep them rigid.
ELEVATION: Side view of a building.
FASCIA: Exterior horizontal visible flat
front trim board that caps the rafter tail ends.
FLASHING: Any piece of material, usually metal
or plastic, installed to prevent water from
penetrating the structure.
FLUSH: Being even with.
GABLE: The roof ends and walls that form an
inverted "V".
GAUGED: See DRESSED.
HEADER: Lintel; A beam placed
perpendicular to wall studs above doors, windows or
other openings, to carry the weight of structural
loads.
LINTEL: Header; A beam placed
perpendicular to wall studs above doors, windows or
other openings to carry the weight of structural
loads.
LONGITUDINAL: Running the length of the
building.
LUMBER: Any of the framing wood.
MEMBER: Piece of timber that is part of a
frame or structure.
NAIL PLATE: Gang nail plate; Metal
plate with rows of sharp points that are hammered
into butt-jointed timber to secure the join.
NOGGING: Dwang; A short piece of
timber set between two studs, joists, rafters or
purlins to keep them rigid.
NOMINAL SIZE: The rough-sawn size of a piece
of lumber. Before the lumber is planed or dressed.
The nominal size is usually greater than the actual
dimension. e.g. 100x50 (2 x 4) actually equals 90x45
(1 1/2" x 3 1/2").
O.C.: On center; (See CENTERS)
ON CENTER (O.C.) Crs, centers. The
term used to define the measured spacing between
studs, joists, rafters, etc. O.C. measurements are
taken from the center of one member to the center of
the adjoining member.
PARALLEL: Being of equal distance from each
other at all points.
PLATE: The top or bottom horizontal framing
member of the wall
PLUMB: Vertical; Upright.
PLYWOOD: A piece of wood made of three or
more layers of wood veneer laminated together with
glue.
PURLIN: Timber used to support roofing
sheets. Usually fixed on top of rafters.
RAFTER: Parallel members of a roof that
support battens/purlins and roofing materials.
RECTANGLE:
Four-sided figure with four right angles.
ROOFING IRON: Corrugated metal sheet used to
clad roof.
ROOFING UNDERLAY: A building paper that
covers roof frame prior to the cladding being fixed.
Reduces air movement and helps avoid the risk of
water ingress.
ROUGH OPENING: Trim size; The
framed-in opening, slightly larger than the actual
window/door, that replaces wall studs to support the
structure and accommodate a window/door.
SAWN: Rough sawn; Not gauged, planed
or dressed.
SHEATHING: A material used as a backing to
cladding.
SIDING: Cladding; Exterior wall
cladding.
SILL: Framing member that forms the bottom
edge of the window opening or external door.
SKID: A solid piece of timber that fits under
a building in place of a footings or foundation
making the building able to be moved.
SOLE PLATE: wall plate, bottom plate;
The bottom horizontal framing member of the wall.
STUD: A 100x50 (2x4) vertical framing member
used to construct walls.
TOP PLATE: The top horizontal framing member
of the wall.
TRIMMER: Under stud; Framing member
that is cut to fit between the bottom PLATE and the
HEADER.
UNDERLAY: A building paper that envelops the
exterior walls or roof frame prior to the cladding
being fixed. Reduces air movement and helps avoid
the risk of water ingress.
UNDER STUD: TRIMMER; Framing member
that is cut to fit between the bottom PLATE and the
HEADER.
VERTICAL: See PLUMB.
WALL CLADDING: The exterior surface of a
wall.
WALL PLATE: wall plate, sole plate plate;
The bottom horizontal framing member of the wall.
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